Photobiological safety is a field of study that examines the effects of electromagnetic radiation—particularly visible light, ultraviolet (UV), and infrared (IR)—on living organisms and the environment. Its goal is not only to identify potential risks associated with exposure to various light sources but also to develop standards and technologies that protect human health and promote the safe use of innovative lighting solutions.
Key areas of photobiological safety
- Risk analysis
Research focuses on identifying the potential effects of radiation exposure, such as damage to the skin, eyes, or other tissues. These analyses enable the prevention of harmful radiation impacts through the design of safer devices and the implementation of protective technologies. - Development of standards and regulations
This field is responsible for creating norms and guidelines that regulate the safe use of light sources in various contexts—ranging from household applications to medical and industrial uses. Examples include standards such as EN 60598-1 and IEC/TR 62778, which define requirements for limiting UV and blue light emissions. - Safety of radiation-emitting devices
Lighting systems, such as LEDs, metal halide lamps, or UV devices, undergo rigorous testing to assess their impact on users. These tests help evaluate risks associated with device usage and drive technical improvements to minimize potential hazards. - Education and awareness
Photobiological safety also involves informational initiatives aimed at raising awareness about possible risks and effective protection methods. This applies to both individuals and organizations using advanced lighting systems.
Requirements of EN 60598-1 standard – radiation protection
The EN 60598-1 standard provides a comprehensive set of guidelines outlining the design principles for lighting fixtures to ensure photobiological safety. It places particular emphasis on two key risks: UV radiation and blue light.
1. UV radiation
Halogen and metal halide lamps are widely used in various lighting systems but can emit UV radiation, posing health risks. The standard mandates the use of appropriate protective shields in fixtures to significantly reduce radiation emissions. Self-shielded lamps or fixtures equipped with additional UV filters are designed to ensure user safety.
2. Blue light and retinal hazard
Blue light, emitted by sources such as LEDs and metal halide lamps, can negatively impact eye health, potentially causing damage to the retina. The EN 60598-1 standard recommends evaluating fixtures according to the guidelines of IEC/TR 62778. These assessments help determine the minimum safe distances between users and light sources, as well as introduce additional protective measures for fixtures with more intense emissions.
The importance of research and responsible design
Conducting advanced research on photobiological safety and adapting lighting designs to international standards is crucial for protecting user health. Lighting systems that do not exceed the risk group limit values (e.g., RG1 according to IEC/TR 62778) ensure both high performance and safety. Modern lighting technologies are becoming increasingly advanced, presenting manufacturers and designers with the challenge of ensuring full compliance with existing standards.
Together, we create safe solutions
RCC is a research and development center specializing in the assessment of photobiological safety for lighting systems. We support manufacturers at every stage – from risk analysis and certification to the implementation of advanced technologies. If you are looking for assistance in creating safe and standards-compliant solutions, get in touch with us. Together, we build a future of lighting that is safe for both health and the environment.
